TPRN Structure and Expression
(A) Schematic representation of described TPRN transcripts (NM_001128228.1, NM_173691.3), encoded amino acids of the TPRN protein (NP_775962.2, NP_001121700.1), and location of identified mutations.
(B and C) Analysis of TPRN expression by RT-PCR in different tissues in P2 mouse and human fetal cochlea (gDNA, genomic DNA; C, water control). PCR primers for mouse RT-PCR were located in exon 1 (forward, 5′-TCTGACACAGACAAGTGTGTTAGG-3′) and exon 2 (reverse, 5′-CAGAG AGCTCTCAGAAGGGTACTC-3′) of TPRN. Primers for RT-PCR on human fetal cochlea were located in exon 3 (forward, 5′-CTCAGGCCTGTCCAGCTAC-3′) and exon 4 (reverse, 5′-AGTGCTGGGCTCAGAAATAC-3′).

Mapping of the SF40 Family to the DFNB79 Locus
(A) Haplotype analysis in family SF40 showing homozygous haplotypes of the DFNB79 locus on chromosome 9q34.
(B) Audiograms of pure-tone audiometry with air (blue) and bone (red) conduction of individuals IV-3 (at 24 yrs of age) and IV-4 (at 21 yrs of age).
(C) Schematic representation of genome-wide LOD score calculations after 10K array SNP genotyping. LOD scores, calculated with ALLEGRO, are given along the y axis relative to genomic position in cM on the x axis. Note the highest peak in the telomeric region on chromosome 9q.
(D) Genomic overview of the chromosome 9q34 region and genomic localization of the used microsatellite markers. The black bars indicate the size and location of the described DFNB79 locus in comparison with the critical regions identified in the families SF40 and W07-234.

Identification of Mutations in TPRN in Two ARNSHL Families
(A and C) Sequence chromatograms showing the identified mutations in the TPRN gene. (A) The homozygous c.42_52del mutation affects a repetitive motive, as indicated by the boxes. Genotypes of the c.42_52del mutation in 17 family members of the SF40 family were analyzed by PCR amplification and separation on a 4% agarose gel. Fragment sizes are indicated. The upper band represents a heteroduplex fragment. (B) Haplotypes of microsatellite markers of the DFNB79 region and audiograms of both affected individuals in the Dutch family W07-234 at different time points, showing the progression of hearing impairment. (C) Chromatogram of the homozygous c.1347delG mutation identified in the W07-234 family in comparison with a normal wild-type sequence. The mutation removes a restriction site for BsmFI. Genotypes of parents and mutation-affected siblings were analyzed with the use of a BsmFI digestion after PCR amplification. Restriction fragments were separated on a 1% agarose gel, resulting in four fragments for the wild-type (361 bp, 317 bp, 229 bp, and 80 bp in size) and three fragments for the homozygous mutant (677 bp, 229 bp, and 80 bp in size).