Abstract

SUMMARY 1. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a well-known endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Although it has been shown to be a novel risk marker in cardiovascular medicine and chronic kidney disease, we speculated that in some states associated with excess of nitric oxide (NO), such as 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+))-induced neuronal injury ADMA may be protective by limiting toxic effect of high concentrations of NO. 2. The aim of present study is to explore the protection of ADMA against MPP(+)-induced apoptosis and the molecular mechanisms underlying in PC12 cells. 3. We found that exogenous application of ADMA obviously protected PC12 cells against MPP(+)-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis not only by reducing the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), but also by attenuating an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, ADMA attenuated MPP(+)-induced excessive activation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and overproduction of NO. 4. The results of present study suggest that the protection caused by ADMA is related to preserve MMP and attenuate the MPP(+)-induced intracellular ROS generation through inhibiting NOS activity and limiting NO generation.