Long-range time-of-flight scanning sensor based on high-speed time-correlated single-photon counting

Appl Opt. 2009 Nov 10;48(32):6241-51. doi: 10.1364/AO.48.006241.

Abstract

We describe a scanning time-of-flight system which uses the time-correlated single-photon counting technique to produce three-dimensional depth images of distant, noncooperative surfaces when these targets are illuminated by a kHz to MHz repetition rate pulsed laser source. The data for the scene are acquired using a scanning optical system and an individual single-photon detector. Depth images have been successfully acquired with centimeter xyz resolution, in daylight conditions, for low-signature targets in field trials at distances of up to 325 m using an output illumination with an average optical power of less than 50 microW.