The volatile fraction from the aerial part of Alchemilla xanthochlora Rothm. (Rosaceae) was obtained by hydrodistillation, and the chemical composition of the obtained oil was determined by GC/FID and GC/MS. Several compounds were found, belonging to the classes of aldehydes, alcohols, terpenes, esters, acids and hydrocarbons. The major constituents were cis-3-hexenol (11.20+/-0.02%), linalool (10.36+/-0.75%), oct-1-en-3-ol (8.98+/-1.43%), and nonanal (7.83+/-0.93%), followed by myrtenol (4.65+/-0.40%), hexadecanoic acid (4.59+/-0.79%), cis-3-hexenyl acetate (3.92+/-0.15%) and alpha-terpineol (3.10+/-0.26%).