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    Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2009 Dec;9(6):753-62. Epub 2009 Aug 13.

    Cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance: role of stress-regulated serine kinases and insulin receptor substrates (IRS) serine phosphorylation.

    Tanti JF, Jager J.

    Source

    INSERM U895, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M), Team 7 Molecular and Cellular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes, Nice, France. tanti@unice.fr

    Abstract

    Insulin receptor substrates (IRS) serine phosphorylation is a time-controlled physiological feedback mechanism in insulin signaling that is hijacked by metabolic and inflammatory stresses to promote insulin resistance. Kinases, including IKKbeta, JNK, ERK, mTOR, and S6K, activated by the inducers of insulin resistance induce uncontrolled IRS serine phosphorylation. Studies with genetically modified mice reveal that these kinases integrate signals from metabolic and inflammatory stresses in adipose tissue, liver, and hypothalamus leading to peripheral and central insulin resistance. Moreover, IKKbeta/NF-kappaB and JNK1 pathways in myeloid cells represent a core mechanism involved in inflammation linked to obesity. These kinases are thus potential drug targets against insulin resistance and the targeting of the IKKbeta/NF-kappaB or the JNK pathway may evolve into future diabetes medication.

    PMID:
    19683471
    [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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