Hydroxyapatite particles maintain peri-implant bone mantle during osseointegration in osteoporotic bone

Bone. 2009 Dec;45(6):1117-24. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2009.07.090. Epub 2009 Aug 11.

Abstract

In osteoporotic bones, resorption exceeds formation during the remodelling phase of bone turnover. As a consequence, decreased bone volume and bone contact result in the peri-implant region. This may subsequently lead to loss of fixation. In this study we investigated whether the presence of nonresorbable, osteoconductive hydroxyapatite (HA) particles could help maintain a denser and more functional peri-implant bone structure. Titanium screws were implanted into the proximal tibial metaphysis of four months old, ovariectomized Wistar rats (n=60). In the right tibia, the drill hole was first filled with HA particles, while the left tibia served as a control without HA particles. Histological analysis demonstrated that during the remodelling phase the amount of newly formed bone was significantly higher on the HA over the control side. Micro-CT analysis corroborated the significant changes over time as well as differences in peri-implant bone volume density between treatment and control group. Mechanical tests demonstrated that the pull-out force was greater with HA particles. These results indicate that HA particles are able to induce and maintain for a longer time a denser peri-implant bone mantle in osteoporotic bone, which may have important implications in the prevention of implant migration and cut-outs.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biomechanical Phenomena / drug effects
  • Bone Density / drug effects
  • Bone and Bones / drug effects*
  • Bone and Bones / pathology
  • Bone and Bones / physiopathology*
  • Durapatite / pharmacology*
  • Female
  • Implants, Experimental*
  • Osseointegration / drug effects*
  • Osteogenesis / drug effects
  • Osteoporosis / pathology
  • Osteoporosis / physiopathology*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • X-Ray Microtomography

Substances

  • Durapatite