Drug-induced sialorrhoea and excessive saliva accumulation

Prescrire Int. 2009 Jun;18(101):119-21.

Abstract

(1) Sialorrhoea is the production of saliva that patients perceive as excessive; (2) Saliva accumulation is either due to a reduction in swallowing frequency or to an increase in saliva production; (3) Patients who drool may be ostracized, and there is also an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia; (4) Sialorrhoea can be caused by buccal, gastrointestinal or neurological disorders, or by drugs; (5) Sedatives such as benzodiazepines, neuroleptics, cholinesterase inhibitors and pilocarpine carry a dose-dependent risk of sialorrhoea; (6) In practice, the role of a drug should be borne in mind when a patient presents with sialorrhoea or excessive saliva accumulation. The parents of children treated with sedative drugs should be informed of this risk.

MeSH terms

  • Antipsychotic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Benzodiazepines / adverse effects*
  • Cholinesterase Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Clozapine / adverse effects*
  • Deglutition Disorders / chemically induced
  • Donepezil
  • Galantamine / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives / adverse effects*
  • Indans / adverse effects
  • Phenylcarbamates / adverse effects
  • Pilocarpine / adverse effects
  • Piperidines / adverse effects
  • Quality of Life
  • Risperidone / adverse effects*
  • Rivastigmine
  • Sialorrhea / chemically induced*

Substances

  • Antipsychotic Agents
  • Cholinesterase Inhibitors
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives
  • Indans
  • Phenylcarbamates
  • Piperidines
  • Pilocarpine
  • Galantamine
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Donepezil
  • Clozapine
  • Risperidone
  • Rivastigmine