Science. 1991 Nov 29;254(5036):1374-7.

The N-end rule in bacteria.

Tobias JW, Shrader TE, Rocap G, Varshavsky A.

Source

Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.

Abstract

The N-end rule relates the in vivo half-life of a protein to the identity of its amino-terminal residue. Distinct versions of the N-end rule operate in all eukaryotes examined. It is shown that the bacterium Escherichia coli also has the N-end rule pathway. Amino-terminal arginine, lysine, leucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan confer 2-minute half-lives on a test protein; the other amino-terminal residues confer greater than 10-hour half-lives on the same protein. Amino-terminal arginine and lysine are secondary destabilizing residues in E. coli because their activity depends on their conjugation to the primary destabilizing residues leucine or phenylalanine by leucine, phenylalanine-transfer RNA-protein transferase. The adenosine triphosphate-dependent protease Clp (Ti) is required for the degradation of N-end rule substrates in E. coli.

PMID:: 1962196; [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources

COS Scholar Universe

Supplemental Content

Save items

Related citations in PubMed

The N-end rule in Escherichia coli: cloning and analysis of the leucyl, phenylalanyl-tRNA-protein transferase gene aat. [J Bacteriol. 1993]
The N-end rule in Escherichia coli: cloning and analysis of the leucyl, phenylalanyl-tRNA-protein transferase gene aat.
Shrader TE, Tobias JW, Varshavsky A. J Bacteriol. 1993 Jul; 175(14):4364-74.
Universality and structure of the N-end rule. [J Biol Chem. 1989]
Universality and structure of the N-end rule.
Gonda DK, Bachmair A, Wünning I, Tobias JW, Lane WS, Varshavsky A. J Biol Chem. 1989 Oct 5; 264(28):16700-12.
Methotrexate inhibits proteolysis of dihydrofolate reductase by the N-end rule pathway. [J Biol Chem. 1995]
Methotrexate inhibits proteolysis of dihydrofolate reductase by the N-end rule pathway.
Johnston JA, Johnson ES, Waller PR, Varshavsky A. J Biol Chem. 1995 Apr 7; 270(14):8172-8.
Review The N-end rule pathway of protein degradation. [Genes Cells. 1997]
Review The N-end rule pathway of protein degradation.
Varshavsky A. Genes Cells. 1997 Jan; 2(1):13-28.
Review The N-end rule: functions, mysteries, uses. [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996]
Review The N-end rule: functions, mysteries, uses.
Varshavsky A. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Oct 29; 93(22):12142-9.

See reviews... See all...

Cited by 88 PubMed Central articles

Experimental annotation of post-translational features and translated coding regions in the pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium. [BMC Genomics. 2011]
Experimental annotation of post-translational features and translated coding regions in the pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium.
Ansong C, Tolić N, Purvine SO, Porwollik S, Jones M, Yoon H, Payne SH, Martin JL, Burnet MC, Monroe ME, et al. BMC Genomics. 2011 Aug 25; 12:433. Epub 2011 Aug 25.
The ClpS adaptor mediates staged delivery of N-end rule substrates to the AAA+ ClpAP protease. [Mol Cell. 2011]
The ClpS adaptor mediates staged delivery of N-end rule substrates to the AAA+ ClpAP protease.
Román-Hernández G, Hou JY, Grant RA, Sauer RT, Baker TA. Mol Cell. 2011 Jul 22; 43(2):217-28.
High tolerance to mutations in a Chlamydia trachomatis peptide deformylase loop. [World J Biol Chem. 2011]
High tolerance to mutations in a Chlamydia trachomatis peptide deformylase loop.
Oey CB, Bao X, Lewis C, Kerrigan JE, Fan H. World J Biol Chem. 2011 May 26; 2(5):90-7.

See all...

Related information

Related Citations
Calculated set of PubMed citations closely related to the selected article(s) retrieved using a word weight algorithm. Related articles are displayed in ranked order from most to least relevant, with the “linked from” citation displayed first.
Gene
Gene records that cite the current articles. Citations in Gene are added manually by NCBI or imported from outside public resources.
Gene (GeneRIF)
Gene records that have the current articles as Reference into Function citations (GeneRIFs). NLM staff reviewing the literature while indexing MEDLINE add GeneRIFs manually.
Nucleotide (Weighted)
Nucleotide records associated with the current articles through the Gene database. These are the related sequences on the Gene record that are added manually by NCBI.
OMIM (calculated)
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) records that include the current articles as references in the light bulb links within or in the citations at the end of the OMIM record. The references available through the light bulb link are collected using the PubMed related articles algorithm to identify records with similar terminology to the OMIM record.
Protein (RefSeq)
NCBI protein Reference Sequences (RefSeqs) that are cited in the current articles, included in the corresponding Gene Reference into Function, or that include the PubMed articles as references.
Protein (Weighted)
Protein records associated with the current articles through related Gene database records. These are the related sequences on the Gene record that are added manually by NCBI.
Protein Clusters
Clusters of related proteins from the Protein Clusters database that cite the current articles. Sources of references in Protein Clusters include the associated Gene and Conserved Domain records as well as NCBI added citations.
Substance (MeSH Keyword)
PubChem chemical substance (submitted) records that are classified under the same Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) controlled vocabulary as the current articles.
Taxonomy via GenBank
Taxonomy records associated with the current articles through taxonomic information on related molecular database records (Nucleotide, Protein, Gene, SNP, Structure).
GEO Profiles
Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) Profiles of molecular abundance data. The current articles are references on the Gene record associated with the GEO profile.
Cited in PMC
Full-text articles in the PubMed Central Database that cite the current articles.

Recent activity

Clear Turn Off Turn On

The N-end rule in bacteria.
The N-end rule in bacteria.
Science. 1991 Nov 29 ;254(5036):1374-7.

PubMed
Advisory committee urges changes at OSI.
Advisory committee urges changes at OSI.
Science. 1991 Nov 29 ;254(5036):1287-8.

PubMed
Treatment-resistant depression.
Treatment-resistant depression.
Am Fam Physician. 2009 Jul 15 ;80(2):167-72.

PubMed
[A case of hypertrophic pachymeningitis treated successfully with antibiotics: t...
[A case of hypertrophic pachymeningitis treated successfully with antibiotics: the remarkable effect of minocycline hydrochloride in reducing the serum C-reactive protein value].
No Shinkei Geka. 2009 Jul ;37(7):673-9.

PubMed
[Investigation of the presence of human papillomavirus DNA in various gastrointe...
[Investigation of the presence of human papillomavirus DNA in various gastrointestinal carcinoma samples].
Mikrobiyol Bul. 2009 Apr ;43(2):259-68.

PubMed

Your browsing activity is empty.

Activity recording is turned off.

Turn recording back on

PubMed

Result Filters

Display Settings:

Send to:

The N-end rule in bacteria.

Source

Abstract

Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances, Grant Support

Publication Types

MeSH Terms

Substances

Grant Support

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources

Supplemental Content

Save items

Related citations in PubMed

Cited by 88 PubMed Central articles

Related information

Recent activity

Simple NCBI Directory

Getting Started

Resources

Popular

Featured

NCBI Information