Biosynthetic pathway of melanin [1–4]. TYR, tyrosinase; TRP; tyrosinase related protein; dopa, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; DHICA, 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid; DHI, 5,6-dihydroxyindole; ICAQ, indole-2-carboxylic acid-5,6-quinone; IQ, indole-5,6-quinone; HBTA, 5-hydroxy-1,4-benzothiazinylalanine.