Northeastern University, Maryland Medical Research Institute and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the longitudinal effects of a school-based program on kindergarten and first grade children's fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption. METHODS: The program included lunchroom, classroom, school-wide, and family components. The primary dependent variable, F&V consumed at lunch, was assessed using weighed plate waste. Hierarchical linear models were used to analyze the differences between intervention and control groups and to account for repeated measurements. RESULTS: Children in the experimental group consumed more F&V (F = 29 g; V = 6 g; 0.43 portions/lunch; 0.28 servings/lunch) at the end of Year 1 compared with children in the control group. At the end of Year 2, children in the experimental group consumed more fruit (21 g; 0.23 portions/lunch; 0.15 servings/lunch), but not more vegetables compared with children in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention resulted in increased F&V consumption, with more pronounced and enduring effects for fruits than vegetables.