Structural and molecular mechanisms of gap junction remodeling in epicardial border zone myocytes following myocardial infarction

Circ Res. 2009 May 8;104(9):1103-12. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.190454. Epub 2009 Apr 2.

Abstract

Lateralization of the ventricular gap junction protein connexin 43 (Cx43) occurs in epicardial border zone myocytes following myocardial infarction (MI) and is arrhythmogenic. Alterations in Cx43 protein partners have been hypothesized to play a role in lateralization although mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown. To examine potential mechanisms we did nuclear magnetic resonance, yeast 2-hybrid, and surface plasmon resonance studies and found that the SH3 domain of the tyrosine kinase c-Src binds to the Cx43 scaffolding protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) with a higher affinity than does Cx43. This suggests c-Src outcompetes Cx43 for binding to ZO-1, thus acting as a chaperone for ZO-1 and causing unhooking from Cx43. To determine whether c-Src/ZO-1 interactions affect Cx43 lateralization within the epicardial border zone, we performed Western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunolocalization for active c-Src (p-cSrc) post-MI using a canine model of coronary occlusion. We found that post-MI p-cSrc interacts with ZO-1 as Cx43 begins to decrease its interaction with ZO-1 and undergo initial loss of intercalated disk localization. This indicates that the molecular mechanisms by which Cx43 is lost from the intercalated disk following MI includes an interaction of p-cSrc with ZO-1 and subsequent loss of scaffolding of Cx43 leaving Cx43 free to diffuse in myocyte membranes from areas of high Cx43, as at the intercalated disk, to regions of lower Cx43 content, the lateral myocyte membrane. Therefore shifts in Cx43 protein partners may underlie, in part, arrhythmogenesis in the post-MI heart.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Binding, Competitive
  • Connexin 43 / chemistry
  • Connexin 43 / metabolism*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dogs
  • Gap Junctions / enzymology
  • Gap Junctions / metabolism*
  • Gap Junctions / pathology
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Myocardial Infarction / enzymology
  • Myocardial Infarction / metabolism*
  • Myocardial Infarction / pathology
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / enzymology
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / metabolism*
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / pathology
  • PDZ Domains
  • Pericardium / enzymology
  • Pericardium / metabolism*
  • Pericardium / pathology
  • Phosphoproteins / metabolism*
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Conformation
  • Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
  • Protein Interaction Mapping
  • Protein Transport
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) / chemistry
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) / metabolism*
  • Surface Plasmon Resonance
  • Two-Hybrid System Techniques
  • Zonula Occludens-1 Protein
  • src Homology Domains

Substances

  • Connexin 43
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Phosphoproteins
  • Zonula Occludens-1 Protein
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src)