ABSTRACT Different levels of thrips resistance were found in seven Capsicum accessions. Based on the level of feeding damage, host preference, and host suitability for reproduction, a thrips susceptible and a resistant accession were selected to study their performance as Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) sources and targets during thrips-mediated virus transmission. Vector resistance did not affect the virus acquisition efficiency in a broad range of acquisition access periods. Inoculation efficiency was also not affected in short inoculation periods, but was significantly lower on plants of the thrips resistant accession during longer inoculation access periods. Under the experimental conditions used, the results obtained show that transmission of TSWV is little affected by vector resistance. However, due to a lower reproduction rate on resistant plants and a lower preference of thrips for these plants, beneficial effects of vector resistance might be expected under field conditions.