Findings of Network (available at: http://www.fluxus-engineering.com) analysis of blood samples collected during 1987-2006 in Kilifi, Kenya. A, Each node represents a Plasmodium falciparum haplotype, with the size of the node proportional to the number of samples with that haplotype. Edges join closely related haplotypes, and the length of an edge is proportional to the number of genetic changes between the 2 haplotypes it connects. Although the network was constructed without use of the data on dhfr genotypes, nodes are colored according to dhfr allele, as follows: blue, 51I/108N double-mutant haplotype; green, 59R/108N double-mutant haplotype; purple, standard 51I/59R/108N triple-mutant haplotype; and yellow, 51N/59C/108S wild-type haplotype. B, Haplotypes for labeled nodes in part A. Crosshatches at locus -0.1 indicate the presence of allele 85, which is shared by both double-mutant haplotypes, and white indicates that the allele is a nonstandard haplotype.