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    J Pediatr. 2008 May;152(5):709-15, 715.e1. Epub 2007 Dec 21.

    Environmental tobacco smoke and interleukin 4 polymorphism (C-589T) gene: environment interaction increases risk of wheezing in African-American infants.

    Smith AM, Bernstein DI, LeMasters GK, Huey NL, Ericksen M, Villareal M, Lockey J, Khurana Hershey GK.

    Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0563, USA. sa6@email.uc.edu

    OBJECTIVES: To determine whether infants exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) having the interleukin 4 (IL-4) or interleukin 13 (IL-13) gene polymorphisms were at increased risk of wheezing. STUDY DESIGN: A birth cohort of 758 infants was evaluated annually by a questionnaire, physical examination, and skin prick testing. DNA samples from 560 children were genotyped for IL-4 C-589T and IL-13 C-1112T. The relationship of ETS exposure and genotype with the outcome of wheezing was analyzed. RESULTS: At the time of evaluation, mean age was 13.4 +/- 2.2 months. The prevalence of sensitization was 29%, and wheezing without a cold was 26.2%. The interaction of ETS exposure and the CT/TT genotypes for IL-4 C-589T showed a significant association with wheezing (odds ratio: 10.84; 95% confidence interval: 1.12-104.64, P = .04) in African-American infants. CONCLUSIONS: In African-American infants with a family history of atopy, the interaction of ETS and IL-4 C-589T demonstrated a 10-fold risk associated with wheezing without a cold.

    PMID: 18410779 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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