Induction of adaptive T regulatory cells that suppress the allergic response by coimmunization of DNA and protein vaccines

J Immunol. 2008 Apr 15;180(8):5360-72. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.8.5360.

Abstract

Allergen-induced immediate hypersensitivity (AIH) is a health issue of significant concern. This robust inflammatory reaction is initiated by the allergen-specific T cell responsiveness. Severe lesion reactions on skin are consequential problem requiring medical treatment. Effective Ag-specific treatments or preventions are lacking. Using a rodent model of AIH induced by flea allergens, we first report that coimmunization of DNA and protein vaccines encoding the flea salivary specific Ag-1 ameliorated experimental AIH, including Ag-induced wheal formation, elevated T cell proliferation, and infiltration of lymphocytes and mast cells to the site of allergen challenge. The amelioration of AIH was directly related to the induction of a specific population of flea antigenic specific T cells exhibiting a CD4(+)CD25(-)FoxP3(+) phenotype, a characteristic of regulatory T (T(REG)) cells. These T(REG) cells expressing IL-10, IFN-gamma, and the transcriptional factor T-bet after Ag stimulation were driven by a tolerogenic MHC class II(+)/CD40(low) dendritic cell population that was induced by the coimmunization of DNA and protein vaccines. The tolerogenic dendritic cell could educate the naive T cells into CD4(+)CD25(-)FoxP3(+) T(REG) cells both in vitro and in vivo. The study identified phenomenon to induce an Ag-specific tolerance via a defined Ag vaccinations and lead to the control of AIH. Exploitation of these cellular regulators and understanding their induction provides a basis for the possible development of novel therapies against allergic and related disorders in humans and animals.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Allergens / immunology*
  • Animals
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Hypersensitivity, Immediate / immunology*
  • Hypersensitivity, Immediate / prevention & control
  • Hypersensitivity, Immediate / therapy
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Siphonaptera / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / metabolism
  • Vaccines, Combined / immunology*
  • Vaccines, DNA / immunology*

Substances

  • Allergens
  • Vaccines, Combined
  • Vaccines, DNA