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    Expert Rev Vaccines. 2008 Mar;7(2):209-21. doi: 10.1586/14760584.7.2.209.

    Current challenges in the development of vaccines for pneumonic plague.

    Smiley ST.

    Source

    Trudeau Institute, 154 Algonquin Avenue, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA. ssmiley@trudeauinstitute.org

    Abstract

    Inhalation of Yersinia pestis bacilli causes pneumonic plague, a rapidly progressing and exceptionally virulent disease. Extensively antibiotic-resistant Y. pestis strains exist and we currently lack a safe and effective pneumonic plague vaccine. These facts raise concern that Y. pestis may be exploited as a bioweapon. Here, I review the history and status of plague vaccine research and advocate that pneumonic plague vaccines should strive to prime both humoral and cellular immunity.

    PMID:
    18324890
    [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
    PMCID:
    PMC2365752
    Free PMC Article

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