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    J Immunol. 2008 Mar 1;180(5):2772-6.

    Cutting edge: vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) induces differentiation of Th17 cells with a distinctive cytokine profile.

    Source

    Department of Medicine, University of California Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.

    Abstract

    Immune cellular effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are transduced by VIP G protein-coupled receptors type 1 (VPAC1) and type 2 (VPAC2). We now show that VIP with TGFbeta stimulates the transformation of CD4 T cells to a distinctive type of Th17 cell that generates IL-17 but not IL-6 or IL-21. VIP induction of Th17 cells was higher in VPAC2 knockout mice than wild-type mice, suggesting that VPAC1 is the principal transducer. Compared with Th17 cells elicited by IL-6, those evoked by VIP were similar in the secretion of IL-17 and IL-22, but lacked IL-21 secretion. Suppression of VIP induction of Th17 cells by protein kinase A inhibitors and enhancement by pharmacologically increased cAMP supports a role for this signal. The ability of VIP-VPAC1 axis signals to evoke development of a novel type of Th17 cells demonstrates the unique specificity of neuroregulatory mechanisms in the immunological environment.

    PMID:
    18292497
    [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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