Reproductive history and participation in health screening for women were surveyed among female subjects, and interesting results were obtained in the present analyses. Women who had never experienced pregnancy had significantly increased risks of death from all causes and cerebrovascular disorders compared with those who had experienced 1 or 2 pregnancies. In contrast, women who had experienced 3 or 4 pregnancies had significantly decreased risks of death from all causes, all cancers, rectal cancer, and breast cancer. Among women who had ever undergone mass screening examination for uterine cervical cancer, there were significantly lower risks of death from all causes, all cancers, stomach cancer, uterine cervical cancer, urinary tract cancer, and ischemic heart diseases compared with those who had not had such experience.