The issue of doping in sport is multifaceted. New drugs not only with anabolic properties such as selective androgen receptor modulators, synthetic insulins, blood doping with erythropoietins or homologous and autologous blood transfusions but also with sample manipulation have necessitated sensitive, comprehensive and specific detection assays allowing for the identification of cheats. New methods based on mass spectrometry, flow cytometry and immunological techniques have been introduced and improved in the past years to support and enhance the antidoping fight. Although numerous approaches are successful and promising, these methods still have some shortcomings.