Heart Center of Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. vreddy@partners.org
After pulmonary vein isolation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation, clinical arrhythmia recurrence is often a result of vein reconnection. By selectively visualizing scarred tissue, delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging may provide for a noninvasive means to identify gaps in radiofrequency ablation lines. This report correlates three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging with invasive electro-anatomical mapping in a patient with recurrent atrial arrhythmia after multiple unsuccessful ablations for atrial fibrillation.