Abstract

We evaluated the impact of smoking on the progression of macro-angiopathy as well as patient and graft survival in 35 type-1 diabetic patients with simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation (SKPT). According to their smoking history, the patients were divided into smokers (n = 12) and nonsmokers (n = 23). Mean observation period was 80 (12-168) vs. 84 (12-228) months. The prevalence of vascular diseases as well as the incidence of vascular complications during the observation period was evaluated in each group. Graft- and patient survival were calculated. The prevalence of all vascular diseases was higher in the smokers with prior SKPT at the start as also at the end of study; however, the differences were not significant. In addition, the incidence of vascular complications (stroke, myocardial infarction and amputation) during the follow-up period was higher in the smoking group. Taking all vascular complications together (events/patient/year) the difference was significant (0.105 vs. 0.066, P < 0.05). One- and 5-year patient survival was 100% and 75% for smokers vs. 100% and 91% for nonsmokers. One- and 5-year pancreas graft survival at the same time was 100% and 75% in living smokers as well as 100% and 83% in the nonsmokers: We conclude that smoking after SKPT is associated with a progression of macro-angiopathy. Additionally, mortality after SKPT tends to be higher in smoking patients.