Fabrication and analysis of a directional coupler written in glass by nanojoule femtosecond laser pulses

Opt Lett. 2001 Jan 1;26(1):42-3. doi: 10.1364/ol.26.000042.

Abstract

A directional coupler written in a glass sample by the focused 400-nm output from a 25-fs oscillator is reported. The coupler is single mode; the splitting ratio is 1.9 dB at 633 nm. A refractive-index profile of the waveguide with a magnitude of Dn = 4.5 x 10(-3) was retrieved from a near-field mode pattern.