Electronic health records (EHRs) offer a number of advantages over the old paper record. They have the potential to improve the quality of patient care, reduce the cost of health care, and expedite the transfer of information. Yet fewer than 20% of hospitals and physician practices now use them. We discuss the advantages of EHRs, reasons for adopting this system, current barriers to the adoption of EHRs, and issues to consider when choosing a system.