Bistatic-radar observation of long-period, directional ocean-wave spectra with loran a

Science. 1970 Oct 9;170(3954):158-61. doi: 10.1126/science.170.3954.158.

Abstract

Bistatic-radar scattering from medium- to long-wavelength (80 to 200 meters) ocean waves has been observed with the use of loran A (1.85 megahertz) transmissions and a receiver located 280 kilometers away. The received echoes have been converted into a time-delay, Doppler-frequency map in which the effects of anisotropies in the ocean-wave spectra are clearly shown. The distribution of the echoes in delay-Doppler space is consistent with Bragg scattering from trains of dispersed ocean waves.