Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2007 Aug;7(4):355-9. Epub 2007 Jun 29.

N-Acetylcysteine--a safe antidote for cysteine/glutathione deficiency.

Atkuri KR, Mantovani JJ, Herzenberg LA, Herzenberg LA.

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Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, B007 Beckman Center, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford University, CA 94305-5318, United States. atkuri@stanford.edu

Abstract

Glutathione (GSH) deficiency is associated with numerous pathological conditions. Administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a cysteine prodrug, replenishes intracellular GSH levels. NAC, best known for its ability to counter acetaminophen toxicity, is a safe, well-tolerated antidote for cysteine/GSH deficiency. NAC has been used successfully to treat GSH deficiency in a wide range of infections, genetic defects and metabolic disorders, including HIV infection and COPD. Over two-thirds of 46 placebo-controlled clinical trials with orally administered NAC have indicated beneficial effects of NAC measured either as trial endpoints or as general measures of improvement in quality of life and well-being of the patients.

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