A survey using Gammadensit x-ray bone mineralometer was conducted on 150 Saudi Arabian postmenopausal (PM) females and on another group of 150 females of menstruating age of around 30 years as the group with peak bone mass (PBM). The minimum age in the PM group was 44 years and maximum was 71 years (mean 54.08 years), SD +/- 7.02, whereas for the PBM group, the mean age was 29.15 years (range 24 to 33). The bone mineral density (BMD) for the PM group was 0.310 g/cm(2) minimum and the maximum ws 0.546 g/cm(2) (mean 0.440 g/cm(2)). In the PBM group, the mean BMD was 0.660 g/cm(2). Compared to Western females, the PM group BMD was 21% lower and the Saudi PBM group was 29% higher than in Western females of the same age and sex. The BMD of rural Saudi females was 0.479 g/cm(2) as compared to 0.359 g/cm(2) in the urban population. In females who had borne more than 10 children, the BMD was 0.483 g/cm(2), and was 0.354 g/cm(2) in females who had fewer than five children. There was no statistical significance in rural versus urban and </= 5 versus >/= 10 children (P value was <0.18 and <0.13). This study concludes that BMD of the PM Saudi females is lower than that of the Western females of the same age, making them more osteoporotic with a higher risk of osteoporotic-related fractures.