The first U.S. national health care information technology (IT) coordinator estimates that if the current rate of interoperable electronic health record (EHR) adoption is sustained through 2014, it would create a launchpad for quality gain and health care spending reduction in excess of 50 percent in the subsequent decade. But in this conversation with Leapfrog Group cofounder and U.S. health care purchasing innovator Arnold Milstein, David Brailer identifies several environmental changes as critical to the materialization of this dividend. These include providers' ceding control of clinical information to patients, universal public availability of provider performance comparisons, and moving health policy from a no-man's land between government and market control.