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    Science. 2006 Dec 22;314(5807):1936-8.

    Adjuvant-enhanced antibody responses in the absence of toll-like receptor signaling.

    Gavin AL, Hoebe K, Duong B, Ota T, Martin C, Beutler B, Nemazee D.

    Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.

    Comment in:

    Innate immune signals mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been thought to contribute considerably to the antibody-enhancing effects of vaccine adjuvants. However, we report here that mice deficient in the critical signaling components for TLR mount robust antibody responses to T cell-dependent antigen given in four typical adjuvants: alum, Freund's complete adjuvant, Freund's incomplete adjuvant, and monophosphoryl-lipid A/trehalose dicorynomycolate adjuvant. We conclude that TLR signaling does not account for the action of classical adjuvants and does not fully explain the action of a strong adjuvant containing a TLR ligand. This may have important implications in the use and development of vaccine adjuvants.

    PMID: 17185603 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

    PMCID: 1868398

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