To investigate the influence of PHB and PHV formed on phosphorus (P) release, uptake and removal during enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR), anaerobic/aerobic batch experiments were conducted with biomass acclimated with propionic to acetic acid carbon molar ratios of 0.5 and 2 on two sequencing batch reactors (SBR1 and SBR2). Statistically significant correlations between polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) quantity and form and P release/uptake and removal were observed (R2 >0.90). The regression coefficients showed that for biomass cultured with customizing wastewater P release and uptake were both a function of PHB but not of PHV, but higher P removal was largely because of PHV as the predominant type rather than PHV. For biomass cultured with different ratios of propionic to acetic acid, the SBR2 biomass synthesized and utilized more PHB and less PHV and showed higher net P removal (average increase of 16.69%) than SBR1. Thus acetate/propionate content of influent had a major influenceon PHA type and quantity and determine phosphorus (P) release, uptake and removal. Accordingly, PHB and PHV transformations should be taken into account as key aspect for optimizing EBPR.