Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Jul;1070:540-4.

VIP protects Th2 cells by downregulating granzyme B expression.

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Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA.

Abstract

Selective differentiation of Th1/Th2 effectors contributes to cell- or antibody-mediated immunity. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) induces Th2 responses by promoting Th2 differentiation and survival. Here we investigate the mechanisms of VIP-induced Th2 survival. Microarray and protein data indicate that VIP prevents the upregulation of granzyme B (GrB) in Th2, but not Th1 effectors. This is the first report of GrB expression and of its involvement in activation-induced apoptosis of T helper cells. The enhanced responsiveness of Th2 cells to VIP is probably due to the higher expression of VIP receptors and alternative signaling pathways. This study identifies GrB as a new significant player in Th1/Th2 activation-induced cell death, and characterizes the mechanisms for the protective effect of VIP on Th2 survival.

PMID:: 16888222; [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Granzyme B, a new player in activation-induced cell death, is down-regulated by vasoactive intestinal peptide in Th2 but not Th1 effectors. [J Immunol. 2006]
Granzyme B, a new player in activation-induced cell death, is down-regulated by vasoactive intestinal peptide in Th2 but not Th1 effectors.
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Vassiliou E, Jiang X, Delgado M, Ganea D. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2001 Oct; 109(4):365-8.
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Cited by 1 PubMed Central article

A novel VIP signaling pathway in T cells cAMP-->protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2?)-->JAK2/STAT4-->Th1 differentiation. [Peptides. 2007]
A novel VIP signaling pathway in T cells cAMP-->protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2?)-->JAK2/STAT4-->Th1 differentiation.
Liu L, Yen JH, Ganea D. Peptides. 2007 Sep; 28(9):1814-24. Epub 2007 Mar 31.

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