Imaging of upper extremity stress fractures in the athlete.

Department of Radiology, Box 170, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, 100 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. mwa3a@virginia.edu

Although it is much less common than injuries in the lower extremities, an upper extremity stress injury can have a significant impact on an athlete. If an accurate and timely diagnosis is to be made, the clinician must have a high index of suspicion of a stress fracture in any athlete who is involved in a throwing, weightlifting, or upper extremity weight-bearing sport and presents with chronic pain in the upper extremity. Imaging should play an integral role in the work-up of these patients; if initial radiographs are unrevealing, further cross-sectional imaging should be strongly considered. Although a three-phase bone scan is highly sensitive in this regard, MRI has become the study of choice at most centers.

PMID: 16798139 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]