Despite the lack of tumor control, infiltration of immune cells has been demonstrated for several malignancies including non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Since dendritic cells play a pivotal role in the initiation and control of the immune response, the frequency and phenotype of recently described sub-types of dendritic cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were characterized. Myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells were analysed in 55 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 33 reactive lymph nodes by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Overall frequency of dendritic cells in reactive lymph nodes was higher than in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma while the pDC/mDCs ratio was comparable. The low frequency of dendritic cells in infiltrated lymph nodes was confirmed by immunohistochemistry; however, no significant difference in the distribution within lymphoid and tumor tissue was detected. For further characterization of the dendritic cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the expressions of adhesion molecules, costimulatory molecules, chemokine receptors and activation markers were assessed. Interestingly, a significantly decreased expression of CD62L and CCR7, receptors necessary for homing to lymph nodes, was identified in dendritic cells in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, potentially explaining the lack of these cells. Taken together, dendritic cells are phenotypically altered and reduced in number in NHL, potentially contributing to the loss of tumor control in these patients.