Cranial strains and malocclusion: IV. Torsion

Int J Orthod Milwaukee. 2006 Spring;17(1):19-24.

Abstract

The cranial strain known as torsion does not fit within the Angle Classification. This strain is described and how to identify it. Torsion may occur as the only strain or is more commonly superimposed on another strain. Recognizing the presence of a torsion has a significant bearing on treatment sequencing. An approach to treatment is demonstrated.

MeSH terms

  • Cephalometry
  • Dental Stress Analysis*
  • Facial Asymmetry / etiology*
  • Facial Asymmetry / therapy
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Malocclusion / diagnostic imaging
  • Malocclusion / etiology*
  • Malocclusion / therapy
  • Maxillofacial Development
  • Orthodontic Appliances, Functional
  • Orthodontics, Corrective / instrumentation
  • Radiography
  • Sprains and Strains / complications*
  • Torsion Abnormality / complications*