Display Settings:

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination
    Biol Psychol. 2006 Jul;73(1):90-9. Epub 2006 Feb 23.

    Abuse liability, behavioral pharmacology, and physical-dependence potential of opioids in humans and laboratory animals: lessons from tramadol.

    Source

    NIDA Intramural Research Program, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.

    Abstract

    Assessment of abuse potential of opioid analgesics has a long history in both laboratory animals and humans. This article reviews the methods used in animals and in humans and then presents the data collected in the evaluation of tramadol, an atypical centrally acting opioid analgesic approved for marketing in the United States in 1998. Finally, data on the abuse of tramadol from postmarketing surveillance and case reports are presented. The consistency between animal and human study results and the predictive value of both are discussed. Overall, there was substantial agreement between animal and human data, with each having predictive value. Nonetheless, it is suggested that abuse-potential screening of new medications would benefit from an organized, integrated cross-species program.

    PMID:
    16497429
    [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
    PMCID:
    PMC2943845
    Free PMC Article

    Images from this publication.See all images (2) Free text

    Figure 1
    Figure 2

      Supplemental Content

      Icon for Elsevier Science Icon for PubMed Central

      Save items

      loading

      Recent activity

      Your browsing activity is empty.

      Activity recording is turned off.

      Turn recording back on

      See more...
      Write to the Help Desk