J Infect Dis. 2006 Feb 15;193(4):482-7. Epub 2006 Jan 11.

Low risk of nevirapine resistance mutations in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1: Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA Ditrame Plus, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.

Chaix ML, Ekouevi DK, Rouet F, Tonwe-Gold B, Viho I, Bequet L, Peytavin G, Toure H, Menan H, Leroy V, Dabis F, Rouzioux C; Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA Ditrame Plus Study Group.

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Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, EA MRT 3620, Universite Rene Descartes, Paris, France.

Abstract

The frequency of resistance mutations was estimated in the cohort of Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA Ditrame Plus, a study that evaluated the combination of short-course zidovudine (ZDV) plus lamivudine (3TC) and single-dose nevirapine (SD-NVP) followed by 3 days of postpartum ZDV plus 3TC for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The frequency with which resistance mutations were detected in mothers at week 4 postpartum was 1.14% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03%-6.17%) for NVP and 8.33% (95% CI, 3.66%-15.76%) for 3TC. In multivariate analysis, 3TC resistance was associated with a longer duration of ZDV plus 3TC prepartum prophylaxis (P=.009). This regimen, which is feasible in resource-limited settings, prevents most peripartum HIV-1 transmission and minimizes the development of NVP resistance.

PMID:: 16425126; [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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