nm1054 physical map and BAC complementation. (a) Physical map of the nm1054 region demonstrating the extent of the deletion interval (shaded region) based on sequences in the Ensembl database (www.ensembl.org; April 2005 release). Microsatellite markers (top), BAC transgenes (middle), and genes (bottom) are shown. CITB and RPCI-22 BAC transgenes are indicated by their clone ID numbers. Partial insertions of RPCI-22 11D19 are indicated by an asterix (*). Ensembl transcript ENSMUST00000037840; Sctr, secretin receptor; Pr1, Neuronal voltage-gated calcium channel γ-like subunit; Dbi, diazepam binding inhibitor; RefSeq_dna ID NM_028439; Steap3, six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 3; C1ql2, complement component 1, q subcomponent 2-like (b) Comparison of hemoglobin (HGB [g/l]) levels in 4 week old BAC transgenic [C57BL/6 x 129S6/SvEvTac] F₁ animals. ?/+ includes all nm/+ and +/+ animals with or without a BAC transgene (n=12). Other groups are nm/nm animals without a BAC transgene (Tg⁻; n=11), a transgene other than RPCI-22 11D19 (Tg⁺; n=15), a partial insertion of RPCI-22 11D19 (Tg^11D19*+; n=6), or a complete insertion of RPCI-22 11D19 (Tg^11D19+). Error bars ± 1 standard deviation (S.D.).

Steap3 sub-cellular localization. (a–i) Co-localization of epitope-tagged Steap3 with endogenous Tf and Tfr1, and epitope-tagged DMT1. (a) Steap3, (b) Tf, (c) Tf-Steap3 merged; (d) Steap3, (e) Tfr1, (f) Tfr1-Steap3 merged, (g) Steap3, (h) Dmt1, (i) Dmt1-Steap3 merged.

Hematologic data from nm1054 and Steap3 null mice. (a–d) Peripheral blood smears of (a) Steap3^+/+, (b) Steap3^{nm1054/nm1054}, (c) Steap3^nm1054/−, and (d) Steap3^−/− animals at 8 weeks of age. (e) Hematological data in 8 week old Steap3^+/+ (n=5), Steap3^{nm1054/nm1054} (n=6), Steap3^nm/1054/− (n=6), and Steap3^−/− (n=6) mice. Error bars ± 1 S.D. See also Supplementary Table 1 online. (f) Iron uptake activity in Steap3^+/+ (n=5) and Steap3^−/− (n=6) reticulocyte-rich RBCs. The fraction of the total iron, present as heme, is indicated in the filled portion of the bar.

Steap3 mRNA expression (a) In situ hybridization of E15.5 mouse embryo demonstrating high-level fetal liver (open arrow) and labyrinthine placental expression (closed arrow). (b) Quantitative real time PCR of STEAP3 in human tissues. Relative RNA abundance is normalized to spleen, which was defined as a ratio of 1.0. Error bars ± 1 S.D.

Somatic complementation of the nm1054 anemia in bone marrow chimeras. (a,b) Comparison of peripheral blood smears of lethally irradiated wild type recipient mice transplanted with homozygous mutant fetal liver hematopoietic cells transduced with (a) the retroviral vector alone, or (b) a construct expressing Steap3. (c) Hematological data and RBC chimerism in transplant chimeras at 4 weeks post-transplantation (n=4 in each group). HGB=hemoglobin, MCV=mean RBC volume, ZPP/Heme=RBC zinc protoporphyrin IX: iron protoporphyrin IX (heme) ratio. Error bars ± 1 S.D. Student’s T-test P= 0.009 (HGB), 0.017 (MCV), <0.001 (ZPP/Heme). Chimerism was not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.837). Error bars ± 1 S.D.

Structure of the Steap family and function of Steap3 (a) Schematic diagram of Steap1-4 and yeast FRE1. Blue ovals in tandem represent the unique flavin- NAD(P)H binding domain. Heme groups are indicated in red. The green in FRE1 represents the FAD:NAD(P)H domain. (b) (top) Multiple sequence alignment of the flavin F₄₂₀H₂: NADP⁺ Oxidoreductase (FNO) from Archaeoglobus fulgidus and the Mus musculus Steap family members. Steap lacks the FNO-like domain. Conserved residues in the Rossman fold motif (GXGXXA/G) are in bold italics. Serine (S) and arginine (R) residues critical for binding to the phosphate moiety of NADP⁺ are in bold. (bottom) Predicted transmembrane domains 3 (TM3) and 5 (TM5) of the Steap proteins are aligned with Saccharomyces cerevisiae FRE1. Conserved histidines (H) residues are in bold. The second, non-conserved histidine in each FRE1 TM is in bold italic. Multiple sequence alignment was performed with MultAlign (http://cbrg.inf.ethz.ch/Server/MultAlign.html). (c) Ferrireductase activity in Steap3^+/+ (n=10) and Steap3^{nm1054/nm1054} (n=5) reticulocyte-rich RBCs (d) Ferrireductase activity in Steap3^+/+ (n=6) and Steap3^−/− (n=5) reticulocyte-rich RBCs. (e) Ferrireductase activity in HEK 293T cells transfected with vector alone (n=12), or wild type (n=12), or mutant Steap3 (n=6 each) expression constructs. Error bars ± 1 S.D. (f) Schematic model of Steap3 mediated reduction of iron. Putative Steap3 membrane topology, FNO motif, and heme coordination sites located in TM3 and TM5.