Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2005 Oct;6(13):2257-69.

Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and its relevance in therapy.

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Department of Medical Microbiology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, Scotland. a.bal@abdn.ac.uk

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of infections. Only approximately 20% of the strains remain sensitive to penicillin. Beta-lactamase stable penicillins such as flucloxacillin form the mainstay of treatment of staphylococcal infection. Meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are resistant to all beta-lactam antibiotics. Glycopeptide antibiotics are effective against most MRSA strains but, in the last few years, isolates of MRSA that have reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides (glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus) have been isolated. Some strains exhibit frank resistance to glycopeptides (vancomycin-resistant S. aureus). Infections due to these strains are difficult to treat. This review summarises the therapeutic options for MRSA, glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus. Novel therapeutic strategies such as immunotherapy and vaccines are also discussed.

PMID:: 16218886; [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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