Nutr Rev. 2005 Jun;63(6 Pt 2):S40-54.

Hydration assessment techniques.

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Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Unit 1110, 2095 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA. lawrence.armstrong@uconn.edu

Abstract

Water in the human body is essential for metabolism, temperature regulation, and numerous other physiological processes that are consistent with good health. Accurate, precise, and reliable methods to assess body fluid compartments are needed. This review describes the hydration assessment techniques of isotope dilution, neutron activation analysis, bioelectrical impedance, body mass change, thirst, tracer appearance, hematologic indices, and urinary markers. It also provides guidance for selecting techniques that are appropriate for use with unique individuals and situations.

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