Trends Mol Med. 2005 Aug;11(8):362-9.

The TIM gene family regulates autoimmune and allergic diseases.

Meyers JH, Sabatos CA, Chakravarti S, Kuchroo VK.

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Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 77 Ave. Louis Pasteur, HIM/Room 780, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Abstract

The recently identified TIM gene family encodes cell-surface receptors that are involved in the regulation of Th1- and Th2-cell-mediated immunity. Tim-3 protein is specifically expressed on Th1 cells and negatively regulates Th1 responses, whereas Tim-2 is preferentially expressed in Th2 cells. Tim-1, previously identified as the hepatitis A virus receptor, co-stimulates T-cell expansion and cytokine production. Tim-4, which is preferentially expressed on mature dendritic cells, is the ligand for Tim-1. In mouse models of asthma and multiple sclerosis, affecting the function of Tim molecules altered disease phenotype. Because TIM molecules are differentially expressed on effector Th1 and Th2 cells, further understanding of the mechanisms by which they regulate Th1- and Th2-effector functions will probably provide opportunities for the therapeutic modulation of immune-mediated diseases.

PMID:: 16002337; [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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T Cell Ig- and mucin-domain-containing molecule-3 (TIM-3) and TIM-1 molecules are differentially expressed on human Th1 and Th2 cells and in cerebrospinal fluid-derived mononuclear cells in multiple sclerosis. [J Immunol. 2004]
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Review The TIM gene family: emerging roles in immunity and disease.
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Review Regulation of T cell dependent immune responses by TIM family members.
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New roles for TIM family members in immune regulation. [Nat Rev Immunol. 2008]
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Kuchroo VK, Dardalhon V, Xiao S, Anderson AC. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008 Aug; 8(8):577-80.

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Tim-3 negatively regulates IL-12 expression by monocytes in HCV infection. [PLoS One. 2011]
Tim-3 negatively regulates IL-12 expression by monocytes in HCV infection.
Zhang Y, Ma CJ, Wang JM, Ji XJ, Wu XY, Jia ZS, Moorman JP, Yao ZQ. PLoS One. 2011; 6(5):e19664. Epub 2011 May 26.
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