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Cholecystokinin antianalgesia: safety cues abolish morphine analgesia.
Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309.
Environmental stimuli that signal the occurrence of aversive or dangerous events activate endogenous opiate analgesia systems. Signals for safety (the nonoccurrence of aversive events) produce the opposite and inhibit environmentally produced analgesia. Stimuli that signal safety are now shown to abolish the analgesic effect of morphine, even when morphine is applied directly to spinal cord. Further, this antiopiate effect occurs because the environmental stimulus leads to release of the neuropeptide cholecystokinin in the spinal cord. This process may contribute to the regulation of pain and the development of opiate tolerance.
PMID: 1589765 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Cited by 5 PubMed Central articles
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Cholecystokinin-induced anxiety in rats: relevance of pre-experimental stress and seasonal variations.
Kõks S, Männistö PT, Bourin M, Shlik J, Vasar V, Vasar E.
J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2000 Jan; 25(1):33-42.
[J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2000]
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Small synthetic ligands of the cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor can mimic the function of endogenous peptide hormones.
Beinborn M, Chen C, DeMeo L, McBride EW, Kopin AS.
Yale J Biol Med. 1998 May-Aug; 71(3-4):337-46.
[Yale J Biol Med. 1998]
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Inter- and intraspecies polymorphisms in the cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor alter drug efficacy.
Kopin AS, McBride EW, Gordon MC, Quinn SM, Beinborn M.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Sep 30; 94(20):11043-8.
[Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997]
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