Curr Dir Autoimmun. 2005;8:25-54.

Regulatory roles for cytokine-producing B cells in infection and autoimmune disease.

Lund FE, Garvy BA, Randall TD, Harris DP.

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Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA. flund@trudeauinstitute.org

Abstract

Recent experiments have revealed that B cells can regulate the course of immune responses to pathogens and autoantigens by antibody-independent mechanisms. One antibody-independent function of B cells is to produce cytokines. In this review we describe the identification of IL-10-producing 'regulatory' B cells as well as IFNgamma-producing 'effector' Bel cells and IL-4-producing 'effector' Be2 cells. We discuss the roles of antigen, pathogen-derived molecules and T cell and dendritic cell-derived factors in regulating the differentiation of mature B cells into cytokine-producing effector B cells. We also review the recent experiments showing that B cell-derived cytokines play pathologic as well as protective roles in immune responses to autoantigens, and demonstrate that cytokine-producing B cells play unexpectedly complex and potentially opposing roles in autoimmune disease.

PMID:: 15564716; [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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