A transcriptional coactivator, AtGIF1, is involved in regulating leaf growth and morphology in Arabidopsis

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Sep 7;101(36):13374-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0405450101. Epub 2004 Aug 23.

Abstract

Previously, we described the AtGRF [Arabidopsis thaliana growth-regulating factor (GRF)] gene family, which encodes putative transcription factors that play a regulatory role in growth and development of leaves and cotyledons. We demonstrate here that the C-terminal region of GRF proteins has transactivation activity. In search of partner proteins for GRF1, we identified another gene family, GRF-interacting factor (GIF), which comprises three members. Sequence and molecular analysis showed that GIF1 is a functional homolog of the human SYT transcription coactivator. We found that the N-terminal region of GIF1 protein was involved in the interaction with GRF1. To understand the biological function of GIF1, we isolated a loss-of-function mutant of GIF1 and prepared transgenic plants subject to GIF1-specific RNA interference. Like grf mutants, the gif1 mutant and transgenic plants developed narrower leaves and petals than did wild-type plants, and combinations of gif1 and grf mutations showed a cooperative effect. The narrow leaf phenotype of gif1, as well as that of the grf triple mutant, was caused by a reduction in cell numbers along the leaf-width axis. We propose that GRF1 and GIF1 act as transcription activator and coactivator, respectively, and that they are part of a complex involved in regulating the growth and shape of leaves and petals.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Arabidopsis / anatomy & histology
  • Arabidopsis / growth & development*
  • Arabidopsis Proteins / physiology*
  • Base Sequence
  • Cell Count
  • Cell Division
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Plant Leaves / anatomy & histology
  • Plant Leaves / growth & development*
  • Plants, Genetically Modified
  • Trans-Activators / physiology*

Substances

  • Arabidopsis Proteins
  • Trans-Activators

Associated data

  • GENBANK/AY102639
  • GENBANK/AY102640
  • GENBANK/AY102641