We collected 30 cases of vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) from 4081 cases of acute flaccid palsies cases notified from 1989 to 1995 to the Brazilian Ministry of Health. There were 30 VAPP cases with 56% of children younger than 1 year old, 56.7% of female. 46% of cases were reported in the Northeast. Ten P2 vaccine virus, 8 P3 and 2 P1 and associations amongst them were isolated. The clinical pattern in 60 days was: monoplegia (16), paraplegia (6), tetraplegia (5), hemiplegia (2) and triplegia (1). There was no strong relationship between fever, before or after the prodrome period, or the use of intramuscular medication to morbidity. CONCLUSION: if the anti-poliomyelitis strategy adopted in Brazil has lead to the eradication of the poliomyelitis with wild virus infection, the existence of a minimum risk of vaccine-associated poliomyelitis is a matter of concern because there will be a permanent neurological deficit.