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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Mar 23;101(12):4164-9. Epub 2004 Mar 11.

Metagenes and molecular pattern discovery using matrix factorization.

Brunet JP, Tamayo P, Golub TR, Mesirov JP.

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The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, 320 Charles Street, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA.

Abstract

We describe here the use of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), an algorithm based on decomposition by parts that can reduce the dimension of expression data from thousands of genes to a handful of metagenes. Coupled with a model selection mechanism, adapted to work for any stochastic clustering algorithm, NMF is an efficient method for identification of distinct molecular patterns and provides a powerful method for class discovery. We demonstrate the ability of NMF to recover meaningful biological information from cancer-related microarray data. NMF appears to have advantages over other methods such as hierarchical clustering or self-organizing maps. We found it less sensitive to a priori selection of genes or initial conditions and able to detect alternative or context-dependent patterns of gene expression in complex biological systems. This ability, similar to semantic polysemy in text, provides a general method for robust molecular pattern discovery.

PMID:: 15016911; [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
PMCID:: PMC384712

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