PURPOSE: To review clinicopathologic findings of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a historical framework with emphasis on pathobiology and correlation with treatment. DESIGN: Selective literature review combined with authors' experience. RESULTS: Choroidal neovascularization represents a stereotypic, nonspecific response to a specific stimulus. Although CNV differs among patients, the general growth patterns are subretinal pigment epithelium (type 1), subretinal (type 2), or combined. Choroidal neovascularization occurs over time in dynamic stages of initiation, active and involutional. Treatments are now being designed based on modern understanding of CNV growth. CONCLUSIONS: Progress continues to be made concerning understanding the pathobiology and treatment of CNV.