PURPOSE: To assess reproducibility of central corneal thickness (CCT) measurement by means of ultrasonic pachymetry. METHODS: Fifty one volunteers underwent three sessions of CCT measurements, each consisting of three CCT measurements, performed by each of three different observers. Intra- and interobserver reproducibility was calculated by means of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The expected range of variability between two independent evaluations was calculated using scatter plots of each test-retest difference against their mean. The standard deviation of the mean differences in the test-retest scores was used to describe the differences in the score spread. RESULTS: The ICC ranges of the intra- and interobserver evaluations were 0.95-0.97 and 0.89-0.95 respectively; the expected variability was < or = +/-1% and < or = +/- 2% respectively (95% confidence interval). CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of CCT by means of ultrasonic pachymetry is highly reproducible.