Opt Lett. 2004 Jan 1;29(1):71-3.

In vivo fluorescence microscopy of neuronal activity in three dimensions by use of voltage-sensitive dyes.

Fisher JA, Civillico EF, Contreras D, Yodh AG.

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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, USA. aafisher@sas.upenn.edu

Abstract

We report in vivo imaging of neuronal electrical activity from superficial layers of the mouse barrel cortex. The measurements have approximately 16-microm spatial and 3-ms temporal resolution and reach depths of 150 microm below the cortical surface. The depth-dependent differential-fluorescence optical sections of activity are consistent with known cortical architecture and represent an important step toward in vivo measurement of functioning complex neural networks. Our observations employ a custom gradient-index lens probe and voltage-sensitive dye fluorescence; the use of epi-illumination rather than dark-field illumination provides the dramatic signal-to-noise improvement necessary for fast three-dimensional imaging.

PMID:: 14719664; [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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