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    Nat Immunol. 2004 Jan;5(1):104-12. Epub 2003 Dec 21.

    Commensal anaerobic gut bacteria attenuate inflammation by regulating nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of PPAR-gamma and RelA.

    Kelly D, Campbell JI, King TP, Grant G, Jansson EA, Coutts AG, Pettersson S, Conway S.

    Source

    Gut Immunology Group, Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, Scotland, UK. D.Kelly@rri.sari.ac.uk

    Abstract

    The human gut microflora is important in regulating host inflammatory responses and in maintaining immune homeostasis. The cellular and molecular bases of these actions are unknown. Here we describe a unique anti-inflammatory mechanism, activated by nonpathogenic bacteria, that selectively antagonizes transcription factor NF-kappaB. Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron targets transcriptionally active NF-kappaB subunit RelA, enhancing its nuclear export through a mechanism independent of nuclear export receptor Crm-1. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma), in complex with nuclear RelA, also undergoes nucleocytoplasmic redistribution in response to B. thetaiotaomicron. A decrease in PPAR-gamma abolishes both the nuclear export of RelA and the anti-inflammatory activity of B. thetaiotaomicron. This PPAR-gamma-dependent anti-inflammatory mechanism defines new cellular targets for therapeutic drug design and interventions for the treatment of chronic inflammation.

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    PMID:
    14691478
    [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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