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The human XIST gene: analysis of a 17 kb inactive X-specific RNA that contains conserved repeats and is highly localized within the nucleus.
Department of Genetics, Stanford University, California 94305.
X chromosome inactivation in mammalian females results in the cis-limited transcriptional inactivity of most of the genes on one X chromosome. The XIST gene is unique among X-linked genes in being expressed exclusively from the inactive X chromosome. Human XIST cDNAs containing at least eight exons and totaling 17 kb have been isolated and sequenced within the region on the X chromosome known to contain the X inactivation center. The XIST gene includes several tandem repeats, the most 5' of which are evolutionarily conserved. The gene does not contain any significant conserved ORFs and thus does not appear to encode a protein, suggesting that XIST may function as a structural RNA within the nucleus. Consistent with this, fluorescence in situ hybridization experiments demonstrate localization of XIST RNA within the nucleus to a position indistinguishable from the X inactivation-associated Barr body.
PMID: 1423611 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Cited by over 100 PubMed Central articles
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The probability to initiate X chromosome inactivation is determined by the X to autosomal ratio and X chromosome specific allelic properties.
Monkhorst K, de Hoon B, Jonkers I, Mulugeta Achame E, Monkhorst W, Hoogerbrugge J, Rentmeester E, Westerhoff HV, Grosveld F, Grootegoed JA, et al.
PLoS One. 2009; 4(5):e5616. Epub 2009 May 19.
[PLoS One. 2009]
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NRED: a database of long noncoding RNA expression.
Dinger ME, Pang KC, Mercer TR, Crowe ML, Grimmond SM, Mattick JS.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Jan; 37(Database issue):D122-6. Epub 2008 Oct 1.
[Nucleic Acids Res. 2009]
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Analysis of transposon interruptions suggests selection for L1 elements on the X chromosome.
Abrusán G, Giordano J, Warburton PE.
PLoS Genet. 2008 Aug 29; 4(8):e1000172. Epub 2008 Aug 29.
[PLoS Genet. 2008]
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