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Division of Molecular Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 10355 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA, USA. steven@liai.org
LIGHT is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily ligand that regulates T cell immune responses by signaling through the herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) and the lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTbetaR). This review will present a summary of recent advances made regarding the immunobiology of the LIGHT-HVEM and LTbetaR systems. LIGHT has emerged as a potent initiator of T cell co-stimulation signals effecting CTL-mediated tumor rejection, allograft rejection and graft versus host disease. Constitutive expression of LIGHT leads to tissue destruction and autoimmune-like disease syndromes. In contrast to LTalphabeta, LIGHT plays a minimal role in lymphoid tissue development, yet some evidence indicates a role in negative selection in the thymus. These results provide an encouraging profile for the LIGHT-HVEM-LTbetaR axis as a potential target for controlling cellular immune reactions.
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